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101.
W G Zumft B F Sherr W J Payne 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1979,88(4):1230-1236
The data presented by Rowe et al. [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 77, 253–258 (1977)] as evidence for a nitric oxide-binding protein in denitrifying Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are the result of a physiologically significant redox transition in the nitrite-reducing system and apparently do not indicate the functioning of such an auxiliary protein for denitrification. Nitrite reductase of this bacterium was identified as cytochrome cd which reduced nitrite to nitric oxide at the expense of electrons supplied by ascorbate-phenazine methosulfate. 相似文献
102.
103.
104.
Dual-mode modulation of Smad signaling by Smad-interacting protein Sip1 is required for myelination in the central nervous system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Weng Q Chen Y Wang H Xu X Yang B He Q Shou W Chen Y Higashi Y van den Berghe V Seuntjens E Kernie SG Bukshpun P Sherr EH Huylebroeck D Lu QR 《Neuron》2012,73(4):713-728
105.
Introduction
Trained human resources are fundamental for well-functioning health systems, and the lack of health workers undermines public sector capacity to meet population health needs. While external brain drain from low and middle-income countries is well described, there is little understanding of the degree of internal brain drain, and how increases in health sector funding through global health initiatives may contribute to the outflow of health workers from the public sector to donor agencies, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and the private sector.Methods
An observational study was conducted to estimate the degree of internal and external brain drain among Mozambican nationals qualifying from domestic and foreign medical schools between 1980–2006. Data were collected 26-months apart in 2008 and 2010, and included current employment status, employer, geographic location of employment, and main work duties.Results
Of 723 qualifying physicians between 1980–2006, 95.9% (693) were working full-time, including 71.1% (493) as clinicians, 20.5% (142) as health system managers, and 6.9% (48) as researchers/professors. 25.5% (181) of the sample had left the public sector, of which 62.4% (113) continued working in-country and 37.6% (68) emigrated from Mozambique. Of those cases of internal migration, 66.4% (75) worked for NGOs, 21.2% (24) for donor agencies, and 12.4% (14) in the private sector. Annual incidence of physician migration was estimated to be 3.7%, predominately to work in the growing NGO sector. An estimated 36.3% (41/113) of internal migration cases had previously held senior-level management positions in the public sector.Discussion
Internal migration is an important contributor to capital flight from the public sector, accounting for more cases of physician loss than external migration in Mozambique. Given the urgent need to strengthen public sector health systems, frank reflection by donors and NGOs is needed to assess how hiring practices may undermine the very systems they seek to strengthen. 相似文献106.
107.
Trotta MB Serro Azul JB Wajngarten M Fonseca SG Goldberg AC Kalil JE 《Immunity & ageing : I & A》2011,8(1):4
Background
The increase in life expectancy within the general population has resulted in an increasing number of elderly adults, including patients with Down syndrome (DS), with a current life expectancy of about 50 years. We evaluate the parameters of humoral and cellular immune response, the quantitative expression of the regulator of calcineurin1 gene (RCAN1) and the production of cytokines. The study group consisted of adults DS (n = 24) and a control group with intellectual disability without Down syndrome (ID) (n = 21) and living in a similar environmental background. It was evaluated serology, immunophenotyping, the quantitative gene expression of RCAN1 and the production of cytokines. 相似文献108.
NFIA haploinsufficiency is associated with a CNS malformation syndrome and urinary tract defects 下载免费PDF全文
Lu W Quintero-Rivera F Fan Y Alkuraya FS Donovan DJ Xi Q Turbe-Doan A Li QG Campbell CG Shanske AL Sherr EH Ahmad A Peters R Rilliet B Parvex P Bassuk AG Harris DJ Ferguson H Kelly C Walsh CA Gronostajski RM Devriendt K Higgins A Ligon AH Quade BJ Morton CC Gusella JF Maas RL 《PLoS genetics》2007,3(5):e80
109.
CEP290 mutations are frequently identified in the oculo-renal form of Joubert syndrome-related disorders 下载免费PDF全文
Brancati F Barrano G Silhavy JL Marsh SE Travaglini L Bielas SL Amorini M Zablocka D Kayserili H Al-Gazali L Bertini E Boltshauser E D'Hooghe M Fazzi E Fenerci EY Hennekam RC Kiss A Lees MM Marco E Phadke SR Rigoli L Romano S Salpietro CD Sherr EH Signorini S Stromme P Stuart B Sztriha L Viskochil DH Yuksel A Dallapiccola B;International JSRD Study Group Valente EM Gleeson JG 《American journal of human genetics》2007,81(1):104-113
Joubert syndrome–related disorders (JSRDs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions that share a midbrain-hindbrain malformation, the molar tooth sign (MTS) visible on brain imaging, with variable neurological, ocular, and renal manifestations. Mutations in the CEP290 gene were recently identified in families with the MTS-related neurological features, many of which showed oculo-renal involvement typical of Senior-Löken syndrome (JSRD-SLS phenotype). Here, we performed comprehensive CEP290-mutation analysis on two nonoverlapping cohorts of JSRD-affected patients with a proven MTS. We identified mutations in 19 of 44 patients with JSRD-SLS. The second cohort consisted of 84 patients representing the spectrum of other JSRD subtypes, with mutations identified in only two patients. The data suggest that CEP290 mutations are frequently encountered and are largely specific to the JSRD-SLS subtype. One patient with mutation displayed complete situs inversus, confirming the clinical and genetic overlap between JSRDs and other ciliopathies. 相似文献
110.
Mapping of deletion and translocation breakpoints in 1q44 implicates the serine/threonine kinase AKT3 in postnatal microcephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
Boland E Clayton-Smith J Woo VG McKee S Manson FD Medne L Zackai E Swanson EA Fitzpatrick D Millen KJ Sherr EH Dobyns WB Black GC 《American journal of human genetics》2007,81(2):292-303
Deletions of chromosome 1q42-q44 have been reported in a variety of developmental abnormalities of the brain, including microcephaly (MIC) and agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). Here, we describe detailed mapping studies of patients with unbalanced structural rearrangements of distal 1q4. These define a 3.5-Mb critical region extending from RP11-80B9 to RP11-241M7 that we hypothesize contains one or more genes that lead to MIC and ACC when present in only one functional copy. Next, mapping of a balanced reciprocal t(1;13)(q44;q32) translocation in a patient with postnatal MIC and ACC demonstrated a breakpoint within this region that is situated 20 kb upstream of AKT3, a serine-threonine kinase. The murine orthologue Akt3 is required for the developmental regulation of normal brain size and callosal development. Whereas sequencing of AKT3 in a panel of 45 patients with ACC did not demonstrate any pathogenic variations, whole-mount in situ hybridization confirmed expression of Akt3 in the developing central nervous system during mouse embryogenesis. AKT3 represents an excellent candidate for developmental human MIC and ACC, and we suggest that haploinsufficiency causes both postnatal MIC and ACC. 相似文献